Purpose : Percutaneous renal biopsy has been widely used because of the necessity and reliability. Light microscopy, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence microscopy of tissue obtained from biopsy is important in the diagnosis of renal disease, as well as clinical evaluation and treatment. In this study, among children who were appropriate indications for renal biopsy, renal biopsy was conducted and classified the results according to the pathologic findings, compared the clinical findings. Materials and Methods : Among 346 children who taken renal biopsy in the Chonbuk national university hospital pediatrics between December 1987 and April 2015, 318 children were included. Light microscopy, immune microscopy, electron microscopy was performed, also measured the total protein, albumin, cholesterol, BUN, Cr, Electrolyte, C3, C4, ASO, GFR, 24-hour urine protein. Results : Among the 318 children, the male was 208cases and female was 110. The most common clinical diagnosis was IgA nephropathy(114cases,35%), followed by nephrotic syndrome(93cases,29%), and acute glomerulonephritis(57cases,18%). The most common histopathological diagnosis was nephrotic syndrome(96cases,30%), followed by IgA nephropathy(84cases,26%) and Henoch-Schonlein nephtiris(38cases, 12%). Nephrotic syndrome was divided into primary nephrotic syndrome(91cases, 95%) and secondary(5cases, 5%). The most common cause of nephrotic syndrome was minimal change disease(43cases, 48%) and the most common indication of renal biopsy was steroid resistant or frequent relapsed nephrotic syndrome. In nephrotic syndrome, hematuria was observed 39cases(40%), hypertension were 15cases(15%) and more than 2.0g proteinuria in 24 hours urine protein was observed 43cases(48%). The 84 children were diagnosed with IgA nephropathy and the most common indication of renal biopsy was persistent macroscopic hematuria over 3weeks or microscopic hematuria over 3months. Hematuria was observed 81cases(96%), most of them are gross hematuria(77 cases). Conclusion : In our study, the most common clinical diagnosis was IgA nephropathy, followed by nephrotic syndrome and acute glomerulonephritis. The most common histopathological diagnosis was nephrotic syndrome, followed by IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schonlein nephtiritis.